Clostridium difficile (C. diff) is a bacterium that causes gastrointestinal infections, leading to symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fever.

It often occurs after the use of antibiotics, which can disrupt the normal balance of gut bacteria, allowing C. diff to proliferate.

In severe cases, it can cause more serious complications like colitis or toxic megacolon.

Treatment typically involves antibiotics specifically targeting C. diff, and in some cases, fecal microbiota transplantation may be considered. New treatments are currently in progress.